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                  <text>Miscellaneous Documents, Pamphlets, Briefings &amp; Promotional Material Concerning Namibia</text>
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                <text>The Position of SWANU and the Namibia National Front on Negotiations between the Five Western Powers and South Africa on Namibia</text>
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                <text>SWANU's Position at the 1976 UN Session -Contacts between Ambassadors of The Five Western Powers and the NNF -The SWANU Utrecht Meeting</text>
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&#13;
Its books and documents on Namibia are of international renown, and are known among experts as the most comprehensive documentation outside of Namibia. Among its holdings is a collection of rare books with volumes on Africa going back to the 16th century, a large collection of African posters and extensive historical archives of images, sound recordings, manuscripts and ephemera. Its collections are complemented by scholarly publication activities.</text>
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                <text>© The author © Basler Afrika Bibliographien</text>
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                  <text>This collection contains digitized versions of autobiographies (and some biographies) of Namibians and by Namibians. A slight preference is given for liberation struggle stories</text>
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                <text>"It was an early Sunday morning in April 1976, my heart was heavy, but in my head I could hear sounds of of early morning birds wishing me a safe journey. I was determined to leave Namibia. I silently slipped out of the homestead, walked across the military camp into the pastor's homestead, where my friend lived. We quickly joined the others in the nearby forest in Eenhana, where we were briefed by two unknown men about how to get to the heavily guarded and fenced border between Angola and Namibia."</text>
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                <text>Ellen Ndeshi Namhila</text>
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                <text>© Ellen Ndeshi Namhila, 1997</text>
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                  <text>Founded in 1962, the Nordic Africa Institute (Nordiska Afrikainstitutet) is a center for research, documentation and information on modern Africa in the Nordic region. Based in Uppsala, Sweden, the Institute is dedicated to providing timely, critical and alternative research and analysis of Africa in the Nordic countries and to strengthen the co-operation between African and Nordic researchers.</text>
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                  <text>http://www.nai.uu.se/</text>
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                  <text>© Nordiska Afrikainstitutet, The items in this collection are taken from open access publication on the NAI website. All rights are theirs.</text>
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                <text>The radical motherhood : Namibian women's independence struggle</text>
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                <text>The study analyses why and how the Ovambo women in northern Namibia participated in the struggle which led to the independent Namibia. The study also examines the changes in women's lives caused by the arrival of Christianity, colonialism, the cash economy and modern values.</text>
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                <text>Iina Soiri</text>
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                <text>© Nordiska Afrikainstitutet</text>
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                  <text>This collection holds full length dissertations written on and/or from Namibia. Unless the dissertations are particularly dated, or the author has passed, I have obtained permission before uploading the files. There are both M.A. and PhD Dissertations uploaded.</text>
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                <text>The Tourism-Development Nexus in Namibia : A Study on National Tourism Policy and Local Tourism Enterprises' Policy Knowledge</text>
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                <text>PhD Dissertation - "The tourism development nexus in southern Africa involves highly topical issues related to tourism planning, power relations, community participation, and natural resources. Namibia offers a particularly interesting context for the study of these issues due to its colonial legacy, vast tourism potential, recently adopted tourism policy and community-based approaches to tourism and natural resource management. This study is an interdisciplinary endeavour to analyse the role of tourism in Namibia s post-apartheid transformation process by focusing on Namibian tourism policy and local tourism enterprises' policy knowledge. Major attention is paid to how the tourism policy's national development objectives are understood and conceptualised by the representatives of different tourism enterprises and the ways in which they relate to the practical needs of the enterprises. Through such local policy knowledge the study explores various opportunities, challenges and constraints related to the promotion of tourism as a development strategy. The study utilises a political economy approach to tourism and development through three current and interrelated discourses which are relevant in the Namibian context. These are tourism, power and inequality, tourism and sustainable development, and tourism and poverty reduction. The qualitative research material was gathered in Namibia in 2006-2007 and 2008. This material consists of 34 semi-structured interviews in 16 tourism enterprises, including private trophy hunting farms and private lodges, small tour operators and community-based tourism enterprises. In addition, the research material consists of observations in the enterprises, and 37 informal and 23 expert interviews. The findings indicate that in the light of local tourism enterprises the tourism policy objectives appear more complex and ambiguous. Furthermore, they involve multiple meanings and interpretations which reflect the socio-economic stratification of the informants and Namibian society, together with the professional stratification of the tourism enterprises and restrictions on the capacity of tourism to address the development objectives. In the light of such findings it is obvious that aspects of power and inequality affect the tourism development nexus in Namibia. The study concludes that, as in the case of other southern African countries, in order to promote sustainable development and reduce poverty, Namibia should not only target tourism growth but pay attention to who benefits from that growth and how. From a political economy point of view, it is important that prevailing structural challenges are addressed equally in the planning of tourism, development and natural resource management. Such approach would help the Namibian majority to enjoy the benefits of increasing tourism in the country. Matkailun ja kehityksen välinen suhde eteläisessä Afrikassa heijastaa ajankohtaisia kysymyksiä matkailun suunnittelusta, valtasuhteista, paikallisten yhteisöjen osallistumisesta ja luonnonvaroista. Namibia sopii oivallisesti näiden kysymysten tarkasteluun maan poliittisen historian, matkailupotentiaalin, tuoreen matkailupolitiikan ja yhteisöpohjaisten lähestymistapojensa johdosta. Tämä tutkimus tarkastelee matkailun roolia Namibian itsenäisyyden jälkeisessä kehityksessä kansallisen matkailupolitiikan ja paikallisten matkailutoimijoiden politiikkatietämyksen valossa. Tutkimus selvittää miten eri matkailuyritysten edustajat ymmärtävät ja käsitteellistävät matkailupolitiikan sisältämiä kansallisia kehitystavoitteita. Paikallisen politiikkatietämyksen kautta tutkimus tarkastelee matkailuun kehitysstrategiana liittyviä mahdollisuuksia, haasteita ja rajoituksia. Tutkimus lähestyy matkailun ja kehityksen välistä suhdetta poliittisen taloustieteen näkökulmasta kolmen ajankohtaisen ja toisiinsa kytkeytyvän diskurssin kautta, jotka soveltuvat erityisesti Namibian kontekstiin. Ne ovat matkailu, valta ja eriarvoisuus, matkailu ja kestävä kehitys sekä matkailu ja köyhyyden vähentäminen. Laadullinen tutkimusaineisto on kerätty Namibiassa 2006-2007 ja 2008. Se koostuu 34 teemahaastattelusta 16 matkailuyrityksessä, joihin lukeutuvat yksityiset metsästystilat ja majatalot, pienyrittäjä-matkanjärjestäjät sekä yhteisöpohjaiset matkailuyritykset. Lisäksi aineisto koostuu matkailuyritysten havainnoinnista ja 37 epävirallisesta sekä 23 asiantuntijahaastattelusta. Tutkimus osoittaa, että paikallisten matkailuyritysten valossa matkailupolitiikan kehitystavoitteet ovat monimutkaisempia ja tulkinnanvaraisempia. Niihin liittyy erilaisia merkityksiä ja tulkintoja, jotka heijastavat haastateltujen matkailuyrittäjien ja Namibian yhteiskunnan sosio-taloudellista kerrostuneisuutta sekä haastateltavien ammatillista kerrostuneisuutta ja matkailun rajoittuneisuutta kansallisten kehitystavoitteiden edistämisessä. Näiden tulosten valossa valtaan ja eriarvoisuuteen liittyvät kysymykset vaikuttavat keskeisesti matkailun ja kehityksen väliseen suhteeseen Namibiassa. Tutkimuksen johtopäätöksenä on, että kestävän kehityksen ja köyhyyden vähentämisen edistämiseksi Namibian ei tulisi ainoastaan keskittyä kasvattamaan matkailua ja sen talousvaikutuksia, vaan huomiota tulisi kiinnittää yhtälailla siihen, ketkä hyötyvät matkailun kasvusta ja millä tavoin. Poliittisen taloustieteen näkökulmasta on tärkeää, että vallitseviin rakenteellisiin ongelmiin puututaan sekä matkailun ja kehityksen suunnittelussa että luonnonvarojen hallinnoinnissa. Tällainen lähetysmistapa edesauttaisi Namibian enemmistön hyötymistä lisääntyvästä matkailusta."</text>
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                <text>Julia Jänis</text>
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                <text>University of Helsinki</text>
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                <text>https://helda.helsinki.fi/handle/10138/27778</text>
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                  <text>Miscellaneous Documents, Pamphlets, Briefings &amp; Promotional Material Concerning Namibia</text>
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                <text>The Voice of SWAPO-D (No. 3)</text>
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                <text>The Interim Government (Conversion of Constituent Assembly into National Assembly) [Kenneth Abrahams] -Inter-Party Talks and the Internal Situation -The UN Plan for Namibia -The Detention of SWAPO Leaders -The President in Pretoria</text>
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                <text>The Official Organ of the SWAPO-Democrats</text>
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                  <text>This collection contains full-text PDFs of various out of print books re: Namibian Studies. Most of these were published by small-name presses (such as the Finnish Anthropological Association), and for that reason they are hard to find.&#13;
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                <text>The Witbooi</text>
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                <text>"Shortly after the ecstatic victory celebration in Windhoek came the first bad news. Hendrik Witbooi had by no means fled precipitately with his warriors, but had gathered them together, and secretly followed the withdrawing Germans. He succeeded in taking 40 horses from the Germans' baggage train. The Germans now had only 70 horses available; in a country where the horse was the fastest means of travel, this was a difficult situation. Curt von Francois therefore immediately opened negotiations with a German dealer and bought from him 120 good horses, which had however the great disadvantage that they were far away on pasture in the savannah. The very next day one of the herdsmen appeared in Windhoek and reported that the Witbooi had stolen these horses too. Thus only a few days after the attack on Hoornkrans, Hendrik Witbooi regained the initiative. He now had 300 horses compared with the 70 of the German troops. Then 200 Witbooi fighters actually appeared before the gates of Windhoek and involved the German troops in a typical engagement: they made a lightning strike from several sides, and as soon as the German troops started shooting at them they turned away waving their hats - mocking the German soldiers - and rode off. Von Francois undertook some incursions into the country, but his soldiers did not know the terrain. They did not know where the watering-places were. So they moved laboriously with their ox-wagons through the region - and they failed to discover the Witbooi, who were fast and mobile, who knew their land thoroughly, and who did not mind hunger and thirst. So von Francois sat most of the time in Windhoek and waited longingly for the cannon that he had ordered from Germany. In this way control over the country passed to Hendrik Witbooi. A German trader who wanted to drive 500 oxen to the south applied not to von Francois for protection but to Hendrik Witbooi. He said later: 'Witbooi knew very well that we were Germans, with whom he was at war, and that he could capture the oxen without firing a shot, but we also knew that Hendrik would keep his word, and we were not disappointed. In August 1893 the Witbooi made a great coup. A large transport was on its way from Walvis Bay to Windhoek, where it was awaited with longing. More than 20 teams of oxen fell into the hands of the guerrilla fighters. Windhoek ran into serious supply difficulties. The Germans seethed with powerless rage. Hendrik Witbooi's success had a mobilizing effect upon the Nama in the country. People moved from all sides to join him. When he had to leave Hoornkrans, he had some 200 men capable of carrying weapons. Six months later they had increased to 600, with 400 guns and 300 horses. Now Hendrik Witbooi was the real master in Great Namaqualand. The German farmer Hermann had to learn this too. On the instruction of the German Colonial Society for South West Africa, Hermann had built up a model farm at Kubub in the south of the country. Hendrik Witbooi sent a messenger to tell him that he did not have the Witbooi permission to farm there. Hermann considered this an insult, and turned to von François for protection. He was not in a position to protect this farm, which lay many hundreds of kilometres from Windhoek. Shortly afterwards Hendrik Witbooi attacked the farm. Breeding animals to a value of 80,000 marks - an enormous amount then - fell into his hands. He immediately bartered them with traders for guns and ammunition. [...]"</text>
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                <text>Ludwig Helbig, Werner Hillebrecht</text>
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                <text>Longman Namibia</text>
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                <text>© CASS Namibia Project &amp; Longman Namibia</text>
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                <text>1992</text>
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        <name>German Colonialism</name>
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        <name>liberation struggle</name>
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&#13;
Some of the out of print books can be found in other collections in this repository (such as the Basler Afrika Bibliographien); this collection is merely for those without their own. Efforts were made to receive copyright permission before uploading. For any questions or concerns, contact the webmaster.</text>
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                <text>© Annemarie Heywood &amp; Brigitte Lau, 1996</text>
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        <name>Curt von Francois</name>
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                  <text>This collection holds full length dissertations written on and/or from Namibia. Unless the dissertations are particularly dated, or the author has passed, I have obtained permission before uploading the files. There are both M.A. and PhD Dissertations uploaded.</text>
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                <text>To heal the wounds : Namibian Ovaherero's contests over coming to terms with the German colonial past</text>
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                <text>Doctoral Dissertation: Anthropology - This dissertation describes why events of 100 years ago, during the German colonial period, remain so salient for many Ovaherero today as well as what it means to them to come to terms with that past. A national contest emerged about whether and how to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the 1904-1907 Herero genocide, or war, in Namibia. These commemorations and their planning illustrate some of the social and political context in which restorative justice has proceeded. Fissures among Herero and Namibian communities emerge in the commemorations as well as contests over the production of accounts of the past within Namibia. Different versions of the past circulated within different communities and came into conflict in the context of the commemorations and the broader restorative justice project. These divergent histories all had to be reconciled, even if temporarily, for the purposes of bringing multiple parties together to address an agreed upon past through restorative justice. Remembering for the past for Ovaherero, generally and 1904-1907 in particular, incorporates narratives, embodied memory, and daily practice. Because remembering for Ovaherero makes such use of contemporary contexts of suffering as prompts to talk about the past, remembering the past has much to do with how the past is felt in the present. As some Ovaherero pursued restorative justice with Germany, meanings of these attempts were constantly framed and re-framed and restorative justice ideas were negotiated with Herero understandings of the impact of the past in the present. Finally, I argue that restorative justice as cultural practice produces new social forms—understandings of the past, relationships, and subjectivities. For Ovaherero, this process has created new truths about the past, shaped the role of their ancestors as victims, and focused the forms of violence remembered into those pertinent to claims of genocide.</text>
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                <text>Karie L. Morgan</text>
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                <text>University of North Carolina</text>
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                <text>https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:1f474386-fd2a-4d28-8ba8-6218f58de29e</text>
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                  <text>This collection contains full-text PDFs of various out of print books re: Namibian Studies. Most of these were published by small-name presses (such as the Finnish Anthropological Association), and for that reason they are hard to find.&#13;
&#13;
Some of the out of print books can be found in other collections in this repository (such as the Basler Afrika Bibliographien); this collection is merely for those without their own. Efforts were made to receive copyright permission before uploading. For any questions or concerns, contact the webmaster.</text>
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                <text>"Ovamboland, located in northern Namibia, was the most important battlefield in the Namibians, long struggle for independence. Althought nearly half of the country\'s population lives in Ovamboland, the history of the Ovambo communities has been a neglected area in research on Namibian history. Research has been hindered particularly by the scarcity and dispersion of source materials. By emploing the hitherto unutilized sources of the Finnish Missionary Society Archive, Harri Siiskonen's dissertation opens up an entirely new perspective on the colorful history of Ovamboland."</text>
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                  <text>These prints were made of ten paintings painted by Thomas Baines (1820-1875), during his travels in central Namibia during 1861 and 1863/4. They were reprinted by the National Archives of Namibia (then SWA) in 1988</text>
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                <text>Bernard C. Moore</text>
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