A Study of Grootfontein District (South West Africa)
No. 45 in a series of government publications titled "Ethnological Publications." This issue discusses Grootfontein district: history, mines, labor, SWANLA, demographics, urban areas, ethnicity, and other statistics.
O. Köhler
Union of South Africa: Department of Bantu Administration
1959
English
A Study of Karibib District (South West Africa)
No. 40 in a series of government publications titled "Ethnological Publications." This issue discusses Karibib district: history, ecology, education, Otjimbingwe Reserve, Usakos Location, livestock, demographics, urban areas, ethnicity, and other statistics.
O. Köhler (with Günther Wagner)
Union of South Africa: Department of Bantu Administration
1959
English
A Study of Okahandja District (South West Africa)
No. 38 in a series of government publications titled "Ethnological Publications." This issue discusses Okahandja district: history, ecology, education, Ovitoto Reserve, livestock, demographics, urban areas, ethnicity, and other statistics.
Günther Wagner (with O. Köhler)
Union of South Africa: Department of Bantu Administration
1957
English
A Study of Omaruru District (South West Africa)
No. 43 in a series of government publications titled "Ethnological Publications." This issue discusses Omaruru district: history, ecology, education, Okombahe & Otjohorongo Reserves, livestock, demographics, urban areas, ethnicity, and other statistics.
O. Köhler (with Günther Wagner)
Union of South Africa: Department of Bantu Administration
1959
English
A Study of Otjiwarongo District (South West Africa)
No. 44 in a series of government publications titled "Ethnological Publications." This issue discusses Otjiwarongo district: history, ecology, education, Waterberg East Reserve, livestock, demographics, urban areas, ethnicity, and other statistics.
O. Köhler
Union of South Africa: Department of Bantu Administration
1959
English
Addendum #1: South West Africa
Fairly partisan view of apartheid in Namibia, mid-1970s. Reads like one of the South West Africa Surveys
unclear
unclear
Likely 1974
unclear
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Advocacy in Action: A guide to influencing decision-making in Namibia
Advocacy in Action is a 336-page manual designed primarily for non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and grassroots-based groups who are interested in increasing their advocacy skills. It contains concrete, practical information about advocacy strategies such as petitions, press conferences, public demonstrations, and letter-writing campaigns, as well as detailed information on government structures and parliamentary procedures - and how to influence decision-making bodies and processes. The manual is written in simple English, with many photographs, illustrations, and examples. It includes actual case studies of advocacy efforts in Namibia. The manual is intended primarily for civil society, but the publishers say it will also be of interest to office-bearers at the local, regional, and national levels. It is best used as "textbook" for workshops on advocacy skills. The manual contains 3 sections that provide practical information about how to plan and implement advocacy campaigns, as well as a background of the Namibian government and how it works.
Dianne Hubbard (ed.)
http://www.lac.org.na/projects/grap/Pdf/advguide07.pdf
Legal Assistance Centre
2007
© Legal Assistance Centre 2004, updated 2007
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Africa’s Clothing and Textile Industry: The Case of Ramatex in Namibia
Namibia’s experiences with Ramatex to date point to the urgent need to ensure (at the very least) compliance by foreign investors with Namibian laws, regulations, workers’ rights, as well as environmental, health and safety standards. Experiences elsewhere have shown that compromises on social, environmental and labour standards in the name of international competitiveness have led to a ‘race to the bottom’. The Namibian government as well as trade unions will have to demonstrate that they are serious in defending these rights that were only won through long and bitter struggles. It will be crucial to demonstrate to Ramatex that Namibian laws, regulations and rights are not negotiable. Otherwise, Ramatex will set an example for others to follow, resulting in the loss of some achievements made by Namibian workers since independence. in: Herbert Jauch / Rudolf Traub-Merz (Eds.) - The Future of the Textile and Clothing Industry in Sub-Saharan Africa (Bonn: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, 2006)
Herbert Jauch
http://www.fesnam.org/pdf/2006/reports_publications/Jauch_AfricasClothing_TextileInd2006.pdf
Friedrich Ebert Stiftung
2006
© Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, 2006
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African Postal Heritage: Namibia
Postage stamps and related objects are miniature communication tools, and they tell a story about cultural and political identities and about artistic forms of identity expressions. They are part of the world’s material heritage, and part of history. Ever more of this postal heritage becomes available online, published by stamp collectors’ organizations, auction houses, commercial stamp shops, online catalogues, and individual collectors. Virtually collecting postage stamps and postal history has recently become a possibility. These working papers about Africa are examples of what can be done. But they are work-in-progress! Everyone who would like to contribute, by sending corrections, additions, and new area studies can do so by sending an email message to the APH editor: Ton Dietz (dietzaj@asc.leidenuniv.nl). You are welcome!
Ton Dietz
2017
PDf
Working Paper
Afternoons in Damaraland: Common Land and Common Sense in One of Namibia's Former 'Homelands'
"This dissertations reflects my attempts to understand the practice of 'common sense' or the logic of practice in people's day-to-day lives in the harsh, impoverished environment of the Damaras...."
Richard F. Rohde
http://www.cas.ed.ac.uk/research/publications/archive/show_paper?result_page=33
University of Edinburgh
1993
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English
Alcohol and Youths: Suggestions for Law Reform
Alcohol abuse is widely acknowledged to be a huge problem in Namibia, and there is a wide range of opinion on how best to address the problem. The topic is a broad one. This paper focuses on suggestions for strengthening provisions concerning alcohol consumption by Namibian youth, within the context of the existing liquor laws.
Kate Barth & Dianne Hubbard
http://www.lac.org.na/projects/grap/Pdf/mono4alcohol.pdf
Legal Assistance Centre
2009
© Legal Assistance Centre, 2009
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English
ALIENATION, CONSCIOUSNESS, AND RECLAIMING: THE TRAJECTORY OF THE VISUAL ARTS IN NAMIBIAN NATION BUILDING
PhD Dissertation (History of Art) - "This dissertation examines the trajectory of Namibian art during the country's multiple phases of nationalism from 1946 to 2003. Nationalism, an ideological construct that posits unified national identity and a concomitant right to political autonomy, is manifested in the visual arts through specific subject mater and styles, which often combine indigenous symbols with modern vernacular. I argue that Namibian art developed along two distinct paths, each with its own symbols, subject matter, and styles. Black and white artist drew on their separate African and European heritages in order to assert the superiority of their own culture to reinforce or combat apartheid ideology. Chapter one of the dissertation contains an overview of Namibia's apartheid history and outlines three phases of Namibian nation building. In chapter two, the use of landscape painting by European colonists in a way that erased indigenous history and culture is considered. Chapter three explores the work of John Muafangejo, whose linocuts mark the emergence of a subject matter focusing on the history and culture of black Namibians. Chapter four discusses the development of Afrocentric subject matter by Joseph Madisia and others and examines the arts policies of the resistance movement (SWAPO), which were directed at the development of black consciousness as an aid to nation building. Part fives examines post-independence Namibian art and confirms the continuation of racially separate, culturally driven subject matter without recognizable nation symbols, even after the formation of the modern nation."
Meredith Palumbo
Indiana University
2005
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Allies in Apartheid: Western Capitalism in Occupied Namibia
"The struggle for Namibian independence is not one that has generated widespread attention or support from the people of the Western industrialised countries. Much of this apathy is due, no doubt, to the failure of Western media corporations to report on their respective countries' economic and political relations with Namibia, which have been a violation of international law since 1971. The illegal aspects involved in any transaction with the South African administration in Namibia has compelled Western-based transnational corporations to obscure or lie about their involvement in Namibia, and has forced Western governments to engage in elaborate pretentions about finding a solution to the Namibian crisis. In general, the academic community has been silent as well. Given the informal demands of the tenure track process, few scholars have been willing to risk the opportunities for job security by exposing their country's illegal involvement in the suppression of Namibian independence. It is one thing to challenge one's relations with South Africa as being immoral, but fewer scholars or activisits have been willing to publicly confront their country's illegal relations with Namibia. Consequently, it was with great appreciation that the American Committee on Africa (ACOA) organised an international conference on Namibia in November 1982, bringing together dozens of activists and scholars from around the world to share their work and interest in Namibia. Speaking on behalf of the other participants, the conference was extremely educational and therapeutic. As a result of that conference, the global network of support for Namibia was enhanced, leading, in part, to the evolution of this manuscript. The 1982 conference in Washington DC served to awaken many of the participants to the overlapping probiems we all share in our work on Namibia. For the first time, many of us gained an understanding of how important it is to collaborate with each other on Namibia, much as Western governments and corporations have been doing for decades. The idea behind this book is to offer the reader the same international perspective on Namibia that developed out of the 1982 conference. Most of the contributors to this book were participants in that conference, and all are considered to be among the leading authorities on their respective countries' involvement in Namibia. Each of us is greatly indebted to the ACOA and especially to its Executive Director, Jennifer Davis, for creating the environment that helped to bring about this book. The contributions in this book are not copies of the papers presented to the 1982 conference (these may be obtained from the ACOA). Rather, each of the Namibian specialists involved in this manuscript have offered a unique insight into the issues and events that currently are shaping their country's relations with Namibia. This effort has not been without its casualties, most notably Alun Roberts' two-month detention by the South African authorities in Namibia while he was collecting data for this book. I also would like to give tribute to Anton Lubowski and Gotthardt Garoeb, two Namibians who suffered imprisonment and harassment from the South African occupation forces in Namibia after they guided me around Namibia in 1985. The contributors to this book hope that in some way our 'detective work' will hasten the independence and self-determination of Namibia. For this reason, we offer all our royalties from this publication to the South West African People's Organization which is leading the independence struggle against the white-minority regime of South Africa."
Allan D. Cooper (ed.)
Macmillan
1988
© Allan D. Cooper 1988
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Alternatives to TIPEEG: Possibilities for Employment Creation in Namibia
The TIPEEG results thus far do not provide reason for too much optimism and the programme is unlikely to reach the targeted 104 000 new (although mostly temporary) jobs. What then are possible options to create thousands of permanent, sustainable and decent jobs in Namibia in the coming years? Paper presented at a parliamentary forum hosted by the Friedrich Ebert Stiftung in Windhoek on 6 March 2013
Herbert Jauch
http://www.fesnam.org/pdf/2013/AlternativestoTIPEEG.pdf
Friedrich Ebert Stiftung
2013
PDf
English
An Assessment of the Africa Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) and its Implications for Namibia
The United States introduced the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) in 2000 with the intention of maximising trade between the US and sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. Specifically, AGOA aimed at developing the textile industry in SSA countries as it has the potential to contribute positively to employment creation due to its labour intensiveness nature. Unlike other trade agreements that are bilateral, AGOA is a unilateral trade preference agreement decided upon by the United States and targeting SSA countries. AGOA accords the President of the United States the right to cease the status of a SSA country that does not meet the requirements set out in AGOA. Only eligible sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries that meet certain requirements outlined in the Act can benefit under AGOA. Under AGOA, certain goods from eligible SSA countries can enter the United States duty free and quota free. The introduction of AGOA led to increased trade between the USA and the SSA countries. However, the increase in trade was not experienced at the same level in all SSA countries and did not affect all goods equally. Trade statistics show that countries that experienced substantial growth in trade included Nigeria, Angola and South Africa, Gabon and Chad. Furthermore, products dominating trade between United States and SSA countries are natural resources and primary products. Overall, petroleum products account for more the 90 per cent of all African exports to the United States. In other SSA countries, AGOA led to the development of textile industries. Thus countries like Swaziland, Lesotho and Malawi experienced a substantial growth in their textile industries. Despite the significant growth experienced by the above-mentioned countries, total exports to the US from African countries are still dominated by petroleum products. In Namibia, products that dominate exports to the US are metals, minerals, textiles and apparel. The highest overall exports of US$ 238 219 million were recorded in 2004 and dropped significantly to US $129 557 million in 2005. The reduction in exports was also experienced in the textile industry in Namibia and in many SSA countries. For instance, many textile producing SSA countries experienced a decrease in their textile exports and subsequently company closures, which led to loss of thousands of jobs. In Namibia alone, about 1 600 jobs were lost when one of Ramatex’s subsidiaries (Rhino Garments) closed down in 2005. Namibia became a beneficiary country in 2001 and qualified for the ‘special rule’ provision on apparel articles which allows lesser developed SSA countries to source their raw materials from anywhere in the world. Only countries that had been classified as lesser-developed countries on the basis that their GDP per capita did not exceed $1500 could benefit from this provision. Before, 2001, Namibia did not have a developed textile and apparel industry but this changed with the introduction of AGOA coupled with many government concessions, which largely influenced the Ramatex company decision to invest in Namibia. Ramatex is by far the largest textile factory in Namibia and was expected to create about 8 000 jobs, a reason which was used to justify the concessions offered to Ramatex. Following retrenchments in 2005 and 2006, there are currently only 3 600 Namibian workers employed at Ramatex. Despite having increased workers wages in 2006 following lengthy negotiations and a strike, Ramatex workers are still among the lowest paid industrial workers in Namibia. Furthermore, since its inception, labour relations have been tense at the company with the lack of wage increases as the main source of conflict. This study revealed that there are internal and external challenges that face the success of AGOA in SSA countries. The internal challenges relate to the ability of companies to fully benefit under AGOA due to internal capacity constraints whilst external constraints are the end of the Multi Fibre Agreement (MFA) coupled with the attractions offered by China as an investment location.
Ntwala Mwilima and Herbert Jauch
Labour Resource and Research Institute (LaRRI)
2007
© Labour Resource and Research Institute (LaRRI)
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An Assessment of the Status of the San in Namibia
Namibia is home to between 30 000 and 33 000 San, who comprise less than 2% of the national population. As a language group they are conspicuously disadvantaged vis-à-vis all other language groups in Namibia on almost every available socio-economic indicator. Their Human Development Index (HDI) (1998 figures) of 0.279 is considerably below the national HDI of 0.77, while their Human Poverty Index (1998 figures) of 59.9 is also considerably higher than the national average for Namibia, which is only 26.9. Landlessness, a lack of education, social stigmatisation, high mobility, extreme poverty and dependency conspire to prevent San from breaking out of the self-reproducing cycle of marginalisation in which many feel they are trapped. The per capita income of San is the lowest among all language groups in Namibia. The majority of San in Namibia lack access to any independent means of subsistence, and a sizeable proportion of them have no direct cash income. San consequently consider pensions, food aid and other forms of welfare as being vital for survival. In addition, they generally have to pursue a variety of economic strategies for income generation, as rarely is any single strategy sufficient for satisfying their basic needs over an entire year. Food security is a major problem and as many as 70% of Namibian San are dependent on erratic state-run food-aid programmes. Pensions are the only form of cash income for a large number of San households. Hunger is therefore a common feature of San life, and San in poorer areas sometimes go for several days without food. Others depend primarily on piecemeal work, for which they are often paid with food or alcohol. No San depend entirely on hunting and gathering. The fact that San life expectancy is some 22% lower than the national average is indicative of their poor nutritional and health status. San are particularly vulnerable to poverty-related diseases such as tuberculosis. In addition, high levels of alcohol abuse, domestic violence, crime, apathy, depression and boredom have arisen in San communities. Dominant stereotypes of San are almost uniformly negative. Perceptions of San social inferiority are so widespread that they clearly influence policy and its implementation.
James Suzman
http://www.lac.org.na/projects/lead/Pdf/sannami.pdf
Legal Assistance Centre
2001
© Legal Assistance Centre (LAC) 2001
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An economic and social history of the Herero of Namibia, 1915-1946
PhD Dissertation (University of Cape Town)
Wolfgang Werner
https://open.uct.ac.za/handle/11427/15858
University of Cape Town
1989
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English
An Investigation of the Shooting at the Old Location, 10 December, 1959
Conducted under the auspices of the Michael Scott Oral Research Project, Katutura residents conduct interviews and archival research into the Shooting in the Old Location of 10 December 1959, a crucial moment that helped birth the liberation struggle.
Brigitte Lau (ed.), Milly Jaffa, Nicky Kautja, Magda Oliphant, Dawn Ridgeway, Kapofi Shipingana, Ussiel Tjijenda, Gerson Veii
Michael Scott Oral Research Project
1991
© National Archives of Namibia (likely)
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English
Andimba Herman Toivo ya Toivo: Portrait of a Revolutionary Legend
"The portrait of a revolutionary legend is a story of Andimba Herman Toivo ya Toivo. Ya Toivo started to organize fellow migrant workers from the then South West Africa who were working in Cape Town, in order to form a political organization to campaign for the independence of the Territory ... This booklet is a celebration of the life and times of this liberation hero as he marks 90 years of his life on August 22, 2014."
Nahas A. Angula
Newsprint Namibia
2014
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English
Andimba Toivo ya Toivo (Full Interview, Part 1)
Dates: 17 & 19 August 2012 Location: Windhoek Times: ~ 90 Minutes & ~ 150 Minutes Interviews conducted by Bernard Moore & Matthew Ecker Topics: -A general comprehensive account of his life. He spent a good long while speaking about growing up in Ovamboland. He talked about the founding of OPO and SWAPO, as well as the Terrorism Trial and his time on Robben Island. Importantly, he spoke about his release and his return to Namibia.
Bernard C. Moore
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XkTttmjiVEk
Namibia Documentary Series
2012
Bernard C. Moore & Matthew Ecker, Namibia Documentary Series
CC BY-NC-SA
MPEG-4 Video File
English