<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<itemContainer xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://namibiadigitalrepository.com/items?output=omeka-xml" accessDate="2026-04-18T10:44:21+00:00">
  <miscellaneousContainer>
    <pagination>
      <pageNumber>1</pageNumber>
      <perPage>20</perPage>
      <totalResults>433</totalResults>
    </pagination>
  </miscellaneousContainer>
  <item itemId="482" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="451">
        <src>https://namibiadigitalrepository.com/files/original/0bb291f5700ad18bfd930855c4de058e.pdf</src>
        <authentication>c50843a7f779d421e7da6cf8849d7dcd</authentication>
      </file>
      <file fileId="452">
        <src>https://namibiadigitalrepository.com/files/original/33bd149278fab0d7156d905887c4a3ba.pdf</src>
        <authentication>4d3e29ef2e650bbce260934e67000dc1</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="9">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="9">
                  <text>Finding Aids</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10">
                  <text>This Collection holds digitized finding aids from various archives around the world with holdings pertaining to Namibian studies. I am in favor of digitizing finding aids, as opposed to archival materials, because it can help the researcher decide if he/she wishes to visit the archives. Digitizing archival materials for the web is a very different story because it tends to lead to researchers avoiding archives entirely if digital sources are possible.&#13;
&#13;
Note: Finding Aids from the Basler Afrika Bibliographien are NOT in this collection, you can find them archived in the B.A.B. collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3755">
                <text>Namibiana Resources in Finland: Two Finding Aids</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3756">
                <text>These finding aids were given to me by Dr. Harri Siiskonen at Yliopisto Itä-Suomi, Joensuu. These document various resources on Namibian studies available throughout Finland. There are microfilms of the Emil Liljeblad collection, the German government records, the German Colonial Society, Namibian newspapers (colonial), microfiche copies of some documents from the National Archives of Namibia, the German Evangelical Lutheran Church in Wuppertal, and many printed documents and journals. Some may find this difficult to read, because it schizophrenically switches between Finnish and English, but if you take your time, you can find good files. Note that, like most Finnish Research on Namibia, these largely deal with Ovamboland and the North.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3757">
                <text>Harri Siiskonen, Kari Miettinen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3758">
                <text>Self produced by Harri Siiskonen, University of Joensuu</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3759">
                <text>Bernard C. Moore</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3760">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3761">
                <text>unclear</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3762">
                <text>English, Finnish, German</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="540">
        <name>Archives</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1024">
        <name>Finding Aids</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="252">
        <name>Finland</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="318">
        <name>Harri Siiskonen</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="377">
        <name>Joensuu</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="869">
        <name>Kari Miettinen</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="83">
        <name>Missionary</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="481" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="450">
        <src>https://namibiadigitalrepository.com/files/original/8ef4aa9b9737761d54c67e001fb6b10e.pdf</src>
        <authentication>24e40e86047506b5b07e2438cc4db8d3</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="9">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="9">
                  <text>Finding Aids</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10">
                  <text>This Collection holds digitized finding aids from various archives around the world with holdings pertaining to Namibian studies. I am in favor of digitizing finding aids, as opposed to archival materials, because it can help the researcher decide if he/she wishes to visit the archives. Digitizing archival materials for the web is a very different story because it tends to lead to researchers avoiding archives entirely if digital sources are possible.&#13;
&#13;
Note: Finding Aids from the Basler Afrika Bibliographien are NOT in this collection, you can find them archived in the B.A.B. collection</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3748">
                <text>Namibiana in Finland: Guide to the Finnish Archival Sources Concerning Namibia before 1938</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3749">
                <text>"The project, 'Namibiana in Finland' was divided into two branches. The first of these, being the proper documentation part of the project, consists of the inventory and cataloging of the Finnish archival records and literature on Namibia. The other branch includes the transfer of the information concerning Namibia from Finland to the UNIN in Lusaka, Zambia. This is possible through microfilming the material for the Institute, fro both that part of the archival material as well as the older literature." "This guide is aimed at being a practical tool for researchers when using Finnish sources on Namibia. This favours both Finnish and foreign users since the work has been compiled bilingually, in Finnish and English."</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3750">
                <text>Martti Eirola</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3751">
                <text>University of Joensuu</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3752">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3753">
                <text>1985</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3754">
                <text>English and Finnish</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="540">
        <name>Archives</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1372">
        <name>Emil Liljeblad</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="200">
        <name>Evangelical Lutheran Church</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="252">
        <name>Finland</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="472">
        <name>Finnish Missionary Society</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="377">
        <name>Joensuu</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="381">
        <name>Martti Eirola</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="537">
        <name>Martti Rautanen</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="83">
        <name>Missionary</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="137">
        <name>Ovamboland</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="480" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="449">
        <src>https://namibiadigitalrepository.com/files/original/2365a0a072b54e356083b42cc6255f45.pdf</src>
        <authentication>8443266d13129c9734af80719799571d</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="11">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="13">
                  <text>Miscellaneous Newspaper, Magazine, and Journal Articles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="14">
                  <text>This collection holds magazine and newspaper articles pertaining to Namibia or Namibian affairs. Note: only non-Namibian publications are consulted here.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3739">
                <text>Namibian President Returns Home to Fordham</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3740">
                <text>Tom Stoelker, Fordham University Press</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3741">
                <text>Fordham University Magazine</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3742">
                <text>© 2015 Fordham University.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3743">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3744">
                <text>23-Sep-15</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3745">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3746">
                <text>http://news.fordham.edu/university-news/namibian-president-returns-home-to-fordham/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3747">
                <text>&lt;div class="post-meta cf"&gt;&lt;span class="posted-by"&gt;By&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="reviewer"&gt;&lt;a title="Posts by Tom Stoelker" href="http://news.fordham.edu/author/tstoelker/"&gt;Tom Stoelker&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="posted-on"&gt;on&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="dtreviewed"&gt;September 23, 2015&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="cats"&gt;&lt;a href="http://news.fordham.edu/university-news/"&gt;University News&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://news.fordham.edu/campus-locations/rose-hill/"&gt;Rose Hill&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="post-container cf"&gt;
&lt;div class="post-content-right"&gt;
&lt;div class="post-content description"&gt;
&lt;div class="pf-content"&gt;“Fordham introduced me to African studies. I brought Africanism back with me to Africa from here. And I’ve been an Africanist since then.”Hage G. Geingob, PhD, FCRH ’70, president of the Republic of Namibia, returned home to Fordham to receive an honorary doctorate of humane letters at the Rose Hill campus on Sept. 22.
&lt;p&gt;“We welcome you back as a son of Fordham, but at the same time we hail you as the Father of Namibia,” said Joseph M. McShane, SJ, president of Fordham.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;President Geingob arrived at Keating Hall with an entourage that included his wife, Monica Kalondo. Father McShane showed the president the granite step engraved with his name commemorating the occasion.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;As the entourage made its way across Edwards Parade, students basking in the last day of summer sun took in the rare scene: a sovereign head of state, a first lady, the Secret Service, and members of the press casually strolling by.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class="wp-caption alignleft"&gt;
&lt;p class="wp-caption-text"&gt;Namiba President Hage Geingob. (Photos by Bruce Gilbert)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The presentation ceremony took place at Tognino Hall. The ceremony’s faculty sponsor Booi Themeli, PhD, an associate professor of economics and director of the Ubuntu Program between Fordham and the University of Pretoria in South Africa, explained the intertwined histories of the two countries, which border one another.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;“Namibia also went though apartheid and fought the liberation struggle,” he said. “Their independence was an inspiration to the struggle that we [in South Africa]were going through.”&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;It was his nation’s discriminatory policies in education under apartheid that spurred Geingob to seek schooling in the United States in the mid-1960s.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;At the time Fordham had a burgeoning African and African-American studies program, born out of the United States’ own civil rights struggle. Geingob began studies at two colleges before a position at the U.N. brought him to New York, and finally to Fordham, where he finished his bachelor’s.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;“I was complaining that they [other colleges]were just teaching me Greek history, Greek philosophy, and Greek literature—but I didn’t come for that,” he said. “Someone said to me, ‘You’re in the wrong place. Go to Fordham.’”&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Video by Matthew D. Ecker, FCRH ’13, and Bernard C. Moore, FCLC ’13&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Under the tutelage of Tildon Lemelle, PhD, Geingob began to understand the continent.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;“Fordham introduced me to African studies,” he said. “I brought Africanism back with me to Africa from here. And I’ve been an Africanist since then.”&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Themeli, whose Ubuntu program brings students from South Africa to the University, said that the president was one of several students brought to Fordham from Africa during apartheid.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;“Fordham was very involved then and is still involved,” he said.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Geingob said that in addition to the learning about Africa, he also was keen to observe American democracy at work. He said that protests of the late 1960s profoundly influenced him.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;As part of the “New Africa” his nation is no longer a one-party system, he said, but a place where debate plays out: Systems are in place to make sure that each vote is counted.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;“It’s one thing to fight to free the country; its another to govern the country,” he said. “What we’ve established is a democratic architecture. With electoral democracy there must be processes, systems, and institutions.”&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;As stability has taken hold in Namibia since it gained its independence in 1990, new challenges have come to the fore. But, he said, a developed sense of democracy has caused Namibians to take ownership of their government.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;“They say ‘I will watch you if you don’t carry out what you say you will do,’” said Geingob. “With transparency and accountability there will be trust. This, I learned that from you.”&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="479" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="448">
        <src>https://namibiadigitalrepository.com/files/original/105a1ec4b38a30913aad0bb545de1510.pdf</src>
        <authentication>0b504d9f43edfa0dd062e138d96ca484</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="11">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="13">
                  <text>Miscellaneous Newspaper, Magazine, and Journal Articles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="14">
                  <text>This collection holds magazine and newspaper articles pertaining to Namibia or Namibian affairs. Note: only non-Namibian publications are consulted here.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3732">
                <text>Animal Husbandry of the Hottentots</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3733">
                <text>In a controversial article from the 1930s, Epstein seeks to provide and agricultural and ecological history of the Nama of Southern Namibia, with emphasis on livestock.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3734">
                <text>H. Epstein</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3735">
                <text>Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Science and Animal Industry, Vol. 9, No. 2. October 1937</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3736">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3737">
                <text>1937</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3738">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="440">
        <name>Cattle</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1368">
        <name>Dogs</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1369">
        <name>Epstein</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="442">
        <name>Goats</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1370">
        <name>Land Tenure</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="444">
        <name>Livestock</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="158">
        <name>Nama</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1371">
        <name>Oxen</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="286">
        <name>Sheep</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="478" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="447">
        <src>https://namibiadigitalrepository.com/files/original/00a35e20e847fb90beef1b3f2c2bdc24.pdf</src>
        <authentication>cf537edea663c11cb0d5e09244ff0703</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="11">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="13">
                  <text>Miscellaneous Newspaper, Magazine, and Journal Articles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="14">
                  <text>This collection holds magazine and newspaper articles pertaining to Namibia or Namibian affairs. Note: only non-Namibian publications are consulted here.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3725">
                <text>The Relation of Nama and Dama Women to Hunting</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3726">
                <text>Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika. Volume 7, no. 1 (1986): 329-349.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3727">
                <text>Sigrid Schmidt</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3728">
                <text>Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3729">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3730">
                <text>1986</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3731">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="275">
        <name>Anthropology</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="408">
        <name>Damara</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1015">
        <name>Folklore</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="120">
        <name>Gender</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="131">
        <name>Hunting</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="158">
        <name>Nama</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1020">
        <name>Sigrid Schmidt</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1367">
        <name>Volkekunde</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="477" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="446">
        <src>https://namibiadigitalrepository.com/files/original/9cbd0a96041cb8517d579c8cfa4cdf99.pdf</src>
        <authentication>e9bb191fe457adb572a1eeec6858c75c</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="11">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="13">
                  <text>Miscellaneous Newspaper, Magazine, and Journal Articles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="14">
                  <text>This collection holds magazine and newspaper articles pertaining to Namibia or Namibian affairs. Note: only non-Namibian publications are consulted here.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3718">
                <text>Windhoek: Desegregation and Change in the Capital of South Africa's Erstwhile Colony</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3719">
                <text>Homes Apart: South Africa's Segregated Cities, ed. Anthony Lemon (David Philip, 1991), 174-190.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3720">
                <text>David Simon</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3721">
                <text>David Philip</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3722">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3723">
                <text>1991</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3724">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1365">
        <name>Location</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1366">
        <name>Segregation</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="650">
        <name>township</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="353">
        <name>Urban</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="71">
        <name>Windhoek</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="476" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="445">
        <src>https://namibiadigitalrepository.com/files/original/8c2592312e368de4fdf98625ee574bf0.pdf</src>
        <authentication>db9397647a3852727f5d6a0e2fef0885</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="11">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="13">
                  <text>Miscellaneous Newspaper, Magazine, and Journal Articles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="14">
                  <text>This collection holds magazine and newspaper articles pertaining to Namibia or Namibian affairs. Note: only non-Namibian publications are consulted here.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3710">
                <text>Im Spannungsfeld von Globalisierung und Lokalisierung. Politische Dezentralisierung in Hoachanas, Namibia</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3711">
                <text>"Demokratisierung und Dezentralisierung sind zentrale Ziele der gegenwärtigen Entwicklungspolitik. Namibia hat diese Zielsetzung aufgegriffen und zumindest formal umgesetzt. Die kritische politische und wissenschaftliche Diskussion entzündet sich vor allem an der Frage inwieweit auf der nationalen Ebene Demokratie tatsächlich verwirklicht ist. Dieser Beitrag nimmt dagegen die Wirkung von Demokratisierung und Dezentralisierung auf der lokalen Ebene in den Blick. Im Zentrum steht dabei die Siedlung Hoachanas im abgelegenen Süden Namibias. Hoachanas war weitgehend von der formalen Verwaltung Namibias abgeschnitten und unterstand einer traditionellen Autorität. Im Rahmen der Dezentralisierungspolitik sollte die Siedlung durch die Errichtung eines auf demokratischen Prinzipien beruhenden Gremiums in die nationalen Verwaltungstrukturen integriert werden. Dabei zeigt sich, dass die auf der nationalstaatlichen Ebene nach westlichen Vorbildern entwickelten Konzepte von Demokratisierung und Dezentralisierung im Prozess ihrer Umsetzung auf der lokalen Ebene umgearbeitet werden und im lokalen Kontext als Instrumente lokaler politischer Auseinandersetzung dienen. Dezentralsierung bewirkt in diesem Fall erst die wirksame Einbezieung von Hoachanas in das nationalstaatliche Verwaltungssystem und Demokratisierung eröffnet neue lokale politische Arenen."</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3712">
                <text>Carolin Olivares-Canas</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3713">
                <text>Universität Bayreuth</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3714">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3715">
                <text>2005</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3716">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3717">
                <text>https://epub.uni-bayreuth.de/818/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1359">
        <name>African Studies</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1360">
        <name>Bayreuth</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1361">
        <name>Carolin Olivares-Canas</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1362">
        <name>decentralization processes</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1270">
        <name>democratization</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1363">
        <name>development sociology</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="473">
        <name>Germany</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="809">
        <name>Globalization</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="504">
        <name>Hoachanas</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1364">
        <name>Nationalstaat</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="475" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="444">
        <src>https://namibiadigitalrepository.com/files/original/7e98d0a99268ea2de99d8ea6a799d4b2.PDF</src>
        <authentication>df3bd344b76a3ce4c6ee445b36f0b9da</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="11">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="13">
                  <text>Miscellaneous Newspaper, Magazine, and Journal Articles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="14">
                  <text>This collection holds magazine and newspaper articles pertaining to Namibia or Namibian affairs. Note: only non-Namibian publications are consulted here.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3701">
                <text>THE RHENISH MISSION AND THE COLONIAL WAR IN GERMAN SOUTHWEST AFRICA</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3702">
                <text>"Mission operations often found themselves in an ambiguous situation during a war of colonial conquest. On the one hand, the missionaries wanted to protect the people among whom they were working and keep the door open for the preaching of the gospel. On the other hand, they were expected to conform to the demands of the colonial authorities, and as nationals of the metropolitan power they might even welcome colonial rule from a purely selfish, nationalistic standpoint. An excellent example of this dilemma was that faced by the Rhenish or Rhine Mission in its field in Southwest Africa"</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3703">
                <text>Richard V. Pierard</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3704">
                <text>UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE FACULTY OF DIVINITY CENTRE FOR ADVANCED RELIGIOUS AND THEOLOGICAL STUDIES Currents in World Christianity</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3705">
                <text>© Richard V. Pierard, 2000</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3706">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3707">
                <text>2000</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3708">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3709">
                <text>http://divinity-adhoc.library.yale.edu/Resources/NAMP-CWC/PositionPapers101-155/139%20PIERARD.PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="148">
        <name>Church</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="139">
        <name>German Colonialism</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="155">
        <name>Herero</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="83">
        <name>Missionary</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="158">
        <name>Nama</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="476">
        <name>Rheinish</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1358">
        <name>Richard V. Pierard</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="524">
        <name>War</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="474" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="443">
        <src>https://namibiadigitalrepository.com/files/original/c0536d0d9eb1b7087804407dd4db1ab3.pdf</src>
        <authentication>0f8daba0f4005c7ab18d064424c426d4</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="11">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="13">
                  <text>Miscellaneous Newspaper, Magazine, and Journal Articles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="14">
                  <text>This collection holds magazine and newspaper articles pertaining to Namibia or Namibian affairs. Note: only non-Namibian publications are consulted here.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3693">
                <text>The history of veterinary medicine in Namibia</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3694">
                <text>Until the middle of the 19th century, very few references exist regarding the occurrence of animal diseases in Namibia. With the introduction of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) in 1859, this picture changed completely and livestock owners implemented various forms of disease control in an effort to contain the spread of this disease and minimise its devastating effects. After the establishment of the colonial administration in 1884, the first animal disease legislation was introduced in 1887 and the first veterinarian, Dr Wilhelm Rickmann, arrived in 1894. CBPP and the outbreak of rinderpest in 1897 necessitated a greatly expanded veterinary infrastructure and the first veterinary laboratory was erected at Gammams near Windhoek in 1897. To prevent the spread of rinderpest, a veterinary cordon line was established, which was the very beginning of the Veterinary Cordon Fence as it is known today. After the First World War, a small but dedicated corps of veterinarians again built up an efficient animal health service in the following decades, with veterinary private practice developing from the mid–1950s. The veterinary profession organised itself in 1947 in the form of a veterinary association and, in 1984, legislation was passed to regulate the veterinary profession by the establishment of the Veterinary Council of Namibia. The outbreak of foot and mouth disease in 1961 was instrumental in the creation of an effective veterinary service, meeting international veterinary standards of quality and performance which are still maintained today.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3695">
                <text>Herbert P. Schneider</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3696">
                <text>Journal of the South African Veterinary Association</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3697">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3698">
                <text>2012</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3699">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3700">
                <text>http://www.jsava.co.za/index.php/jsava/article/view/4</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1">
        <name>Agriculture</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1355">
        <name>contagious bovine pleuropneumonia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="716">
        <name>Health</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1356">
        <name>Herbert P. Schneider</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="444">
        <name>Livestock</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="423">
        <name>Rinderpest</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1357">
        <name>veterinary medicine</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="473" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="442">
        <src>https://namibiadigitalrepository.com/files/original/f1c98a93efe5ec6917d621d4c50e4b70.pdf</src>
        <authentication>485af8dd6029f275d316822f16fe8f12</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="11">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="13">
                  <text>Miscellaneous Newspaper, Magazine, and Journal Articles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="14">
                  <text>This collection holds magazine and newspaper articles pertaining to Namibia or Namibian affairs. Note: only non-Namibian publications are consulted here.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3685">
                <text>Nimet yhdistävät suomalaisia ja namibialaisia</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3686">
                <text>"Miksi Namibiasta löytyy kymmeniä Marttoja ja Väinöjä? Mitä kaiman rooli merkitsee Ambomaalla? Minna Saarelma-Maunumaan tuoreessa väitöskirjassa tarkastellaan eurooppalaisen kulttuurin vaikutuksta namibialaisiin henkilönimiin. Suomen Lähetysseuran kustannusjohtaja, fil.tri Minna Saarelma-Maunumaa väitteli tämän vuoden maaliskuussa tohtoriksi namibialaisista henkilönnimistä. Tutkimuksen keskeisenä tavoitteena oli selvittää eurooppalaisen kulttuurivaikutuksen aiheuttamaa murrosta Namibian amboheimojen henkilönnimisysteemissä: Mitä perinteiselle afrikkalaiselle henkilönnimisysteemille tapahtuu, kun se joutuu kosketuksiin länsimaisen kulttuurin ja kristinuskon nimikäytäntöjen kanssa? Mitä toisesta nimisysteemistä omaksutaan ja missä muodossa? Millaisia vaiheita tässä prosessissa voidaan erottaa, ja mitkä sosiaaliset ja kulttuuriset tekijät niihin vaikuttavat? Väitöskirjan nimi on "Edhina ekogidho - Names as links: The encounter between African and European anthroponymic systems among the Ambo people in Namibia" (Edhina ekogidho - Nimet yhdistävät: Afrikkalaisen ja eurooppalaisen henkilönnimisysteemin kohtaaminen Namibian Ambomaalla). Se ilmestyy lokakuussa Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seuran kustantamana. Saarelma-Maunumaan tutkimus on luonteeltaan tieteidenvälinen, vaikka sen pääpaino onkin ambojen henkilönnimistön kielitieteellisessä tarkastelussa. Yhtymäkohtia on runsaasti etenkin antropologiaan (ambojen perinteisten nimikäytäntöjen selvittäminen) sekä kulttuuri- ja kirkkohistoriaan (Ambomaan kulttuurimurrokseen liittyvien tekijöiden analysoiminen). Keskeisenä tutkimusaineistona on Ambomaan kolmen luterilaisen seurakunnan - Elimin, Okahaon ja Oshigambon - kirkonkirjoista (1913-1993) poimittu 10 920 henkilön nimet kattava kastenimiaineisto. Tärkeitä lähteitä ovat myös suomalainen ja saksalainen lähetyskirjallisuus ja arkistomateriaali, samoin kuin Namibiassa ja Suomessa tehdyt haastattelut. Tutkimus kattaa ajanjakson 1800-luvun lopulta aina 1990-luvun lopulle asti. Ambojen henkilönnimisysteemi on tänä aikana käynyt läpi prosessin, joka on johtanut useiden perinteisten nimikäytäntöjen murtumiseen. Merkittävimpiä tekijöitä tässä murroksessa ovat olleet suomalainen luterilainen lähetystyö (Suomen Lähetysseura aloitti työn Ambomaalla vuonna 1870) sekä Saksan ja myöhemmin Etelä-Afrikan siirtomaavalta, samoin kuin maan vuosikymmeniä kestänyt itsenäistymistaistelu, joka johti vuonna 1990 Namibian itsenäistymiseen. Suomalaiset nimet omaksuttiin lähetystyöntekijöiltä Perinteisen nimisysteemin vallitessa ambolapselle annettiin pian syntymän jälkeen väliaikainen nimi, joka liittyi yleensä johonkin syntymähetken aikaiseen tapahtumaan (Mvula 'sade', Uukongo 'metsästys'). Muutaman viikon iässä lapsi sai isältään varsinaisen nimen. Nimi annettiin useimmiten jonkun sukulaisen tai ystävän mukaan, ja kaiman rooliin kuului huolehtia lapsesta monin tavoin. Varsinaisen nimensä ohella ambot käyttivät myös patronyymejä (isän nimeen perustuvia lisänimiä) sekä erilaisia lempinimiä. Ambojen henkilönnimistön murros käynnistyi varsinaisesti vuonna 1883, jolloin alueella toimitettiin ensimmäiset kasteet. Lähetystyön alkuaikoina ambot omaksuivat lähes yksinomaan raamatullisia ja eurooppalaisia kastenimiä. Varsinkin suomalaiset nimet olivat suosittuja, mikä selittyy pitkälti ambojen perinteisellä kaimakäytännöllä: lapset haluttiin nimetä suomalaisten kaimoiksi. Suosituimpia ambonaisten kastenimiä ovat olleet Selma, Maria, Martta, Hilma, Ester, Aina, Johanna, Loide, Helena ja Anna. Miesten kastenimistä suosituimpia ovat olleet Johannes, Petrus, Andreas, Paulus, David, Tomas, Mateus, Erastus, Simon ja Filemon. Suosittuja suomalaisnimiä ambomiehillä ovat olleet muiden muassa Armas, Eino, Heikki, Martti, Toivo ja Vaino (Väinö). Namibian itsenäisyystaistelun keskeisen hahmon Andimba ('jänis', aiemmin Herman) Toivo ya Toivon sukunimi merkitsee yksinkertaisesti Toivo Toivonpoikaa. Myös alun perin suomalaisia sukunimiä on Ambomaalla omaksuttu kastenimiksi, kuten Hynonen (Hynönen), Petaja (Petäjä) tai Rautanen. Nykyään noin joka viidennellä ambolla on suomalaislähtöinen etunimi. (Namibian väestöstä noin puolet on amboja.) 1950-luvulla, jolloin ajatus itsenäisestä Namibiasta alkoi kiehtoa amboja, afrikkalaiset nimet alkoivat tulla suosituiksi kasteniminä. Käytännöksi vakiintui pian kahden (tai useamman) nimen järjestelmä, jossa ensimmäinen kastenimi on raamatullinen tai eurooppalainen ja jälkimmäiset ambonimiä. Suosituimpia naisten ambokastenimiä ovat olleet Magano 'lahja', Ndinelago 'olen onnellinen', Ndapewa 'minulle on annettu', Nelago 'onni' ja Ndakulilwa 'olen lunastettu'. Miesten ambokastenimien kärjessä ovat taas Natangwe 'hän olkoon ylistetty', Panduleni 'kiittäkää', Tangeni 'kiittäkää', Elago 'onni' ja Ndeshipanda 'olen mieltynyt siihen'. Ambojen nimisysteemin murrokseen kuuluu myös patronyymien korvautuminen eurooppalaistyyppisillä periytyvillä sukunimillä. Ensimmäiset sukunimet otettiin Ambomaalla käyttöön 1950-luvun lopulla. Sukunimekseen ambot ovat yleensä valinneet jonkun esi-isänsä varsinaisen (yleensä afrikkalaisen) nimen tai lempinimen. Kahden erilaisen nimisysteemin kohtaaminen on Ambomaalla johtanut uuden nimisysteemin syntyyn, jossa on niin eurooppalaisia kuin afrikkalaisia elementtejä. Vaikka ambojen henkilönnimistö näyttää päältä katsoen varsin eurooppalaistuneelta, monet perinteiseen nimisysteemiin liittyneet tavat ovat edelleen käytössä, kuten tapa antaa lapselle väliaikainen nimi heti syntymän jälkeen. Myös kaiman rooli on ambokulttuurissa säilynyt vahvana. Ambojen henkilönnimistössä tapahtunut prosessi on ollut huomattavan nopea. Siirtyminen perinteisestä yhden nimen ja patronyymin systeemistä eurooppalaistyyppiseen useamman etunimen ja sukunimen systeemiin vei Ambomaalla vain noin sata vuotta. Keskiajan Euroopassa vastaavat nimimurrokset kestivät useita vuosisatoja. Tietoja väittelijästä: Minna Saarelma-Maunumaa on syntynyt vuonna 1960 Dar es Salaamissa Tansaniassa ja kirjoittanut ylioppilaaksi Tampereen normaalikoulusta vuonna 1979. Hän työskentelee kustannusjohtajana Suomen Lähetysseurassa. Yhteystiedot: p. työ (09) 129 7331, gsm 050-352 2068."</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3687">
                <text>Minna Saarelma-Maunumaa</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3688">
                <text>Virittäjä, Vol 107, Nro 2 (2003)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3689">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3690">
                <text>2003</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3691">
                <text>Finnish</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3692">
                <text>http://www.kotikielenseura.fi/virittaja/hakemistot/jutut/2003_258.pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="276">
        <name>Christianity</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="252">
        <name>Finland</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1353">
        <name>Languages</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="783">
        <name>Linguistics</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="784">
        <name>Minna Saarelma-Maunumaa</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1354">
        <name>Names</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="785">
        <name>Naming</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="137">
        <name>Ovamboland</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="472" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="441">
        <src>https://namibiadigitalrepository.com/files/original/7515eb9b484a0e3e3515ce55f8288941.pdf</src>
        <authentication>1c55f635e78856e770f8d16479f1d4d9</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="11">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="13">
                  <text>Miscellaneous Newspaper, Magazine, and Journal Articles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="14">
                  <text>This collection holds magazine and newspaper articles pertaining to Namibia or Namibian affairs. Note: only non-Namibian publications are consulted here.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3678">
                <text>Southern Africa Report (vol. 7, no. 2)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3679">
                <text>Blowin' in the Windhoek -Namibia: A Class Act? -Land in Namibia: Rhetoric, Reform of Revolution? -Police Story: A Tough Transition</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3680">
                <text>Chris Tapscott, Susan Brown, Colin Leys</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3681">
                <text>Southern Africa Report</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3682">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3683">
                <text>1991</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3684">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="341">
        <name>Chris Tapscott</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="229">
        <name>Class</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1251">
        <name>Colin Leys</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="38">
        <name>Land Reform</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="309">
        <name>Police</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1352">
        <name>Susan Brown</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="71">
        <name>Windhoek</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="471" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="440">
        <src>https://namibiadigitalrepository.com/files/original/e02a7a736dbf3b259f7f5f610a8899c3.pdf</src>
        <authentication>1924449cb9daae527990ce7c3a434be4</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="11">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="13">
                  <text>Miscellaneous Newspaper, Magazine, and Journal Articles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="14">
                  <text>This collection holds magazine and newspaper articles pertaining to Namibia or Namibian affairs. Note: only non-Namibian publications are consulted here.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3670">
                <text>Addendum #1: South West Africa</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3671">
                <text>Fairly partisan view of apartheid in Namibia, mid-1970s. Reads like one of the South West Africa Surveys</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3672">
                <text>unclear</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3673">
                <text>unclear</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3674">
                <text>unclear</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3675">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3676">
                <text>Likely 1974</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3677">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1350">
        <name>Administration</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="47">
        <name>Apartheid</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="499">
        <name>Development</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="716">
        <name>Health</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="96">
        <name>Homelands</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1351">
        <name>Propaganda</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="470" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="439">
        <src>https://namibiadigitalrepository.com/files/original/0f42e13e856b030df94065cd514d4ef8.pdf</src>
        <authentication>23a1525053ccade22a1d055805ccca12</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="15">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="21">
                  <text>Namibian Economic Policy Research Unit</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3661">
                <text>From Reserve to Homeland: South African Native Policy in Southern Namibia</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3662">
                <text>The beginning of South African rule in present day Namibia marks a watershed in the country's history. The new developments initiated by a change in colonial rulers have generally been underestimated in existing literature.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3663">
                <text>Reinhart Kössler</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3664">
                <text>Namibian Economic Policy Research Unit</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3665">
                <text>1997</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3666">
                <text>© NEPRU 1997</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3667">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3668">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3669">
                <text>Research Report</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="507">
        <name>Bantustan</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1345">
        <name>Berseba</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="487">
        <name>Bondelswarts</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1346">
        <name>Botha</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="367">
        <name>German</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="427">
        <name>Gibeon</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="510">
        <name>Homeland</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1347">
        <name>Keetmanshoop</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="9">
        <name>Namibia</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1348">
        <name>Namibian Economic Policy Research Unit</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="352">
        <name>Reinhart Kössler</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="511">
        <name>Reserve</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1349">
        <name>Southern</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="469" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="438">
        <src>https://namibiadigitalrepository.com/files/original/46c6dabae368a9e55d981be37495347b.pdf</src>
        <authentication>4a5a3e11ea74b17ffc2950f1638f8e40</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="35">
                  <text>Political Documents (SWAPO, SWANU, DTA)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="36">
                  <text>This collection holds PDF scans of constitutions of Namibian political parties SWAPO, SWANU, and the DTA. Some other documents are included as well</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3653">
                <text>Constitution of the South West Africa People's Organization</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3654">
                <text>SWAPO Constitution as adopted by the meeting of the Central Committee: 28 July - 1 August 1976, Lusaka Zambia.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3655">
                <text>SWAPO of Namibia</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3656">
                <text>SWAPO Department of Publicity and Information, Lusaka</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3657">
                <text>1976</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3658">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3659">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3660">
                <text>Political Document</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1344">
        <name>Congress</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="257">
        <name>Constitution</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="209">
        <name>Exile</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="269">
        <name>Lusaka</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1343">
        <name>Party</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="971">
        <name>Politics</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="56">
        <name>SWAPO</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="468" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="437">
        <src>https://namibiadigitalrepository.com/files/original/0f94e9633a35fada5ead6266fa6632c1.pdf</src>
        <authentication>4500626d6952c3733f12d81a8533d153</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="35">
                  <text>Political Documents (SWAPO, SWANU, DTA)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="36">
                  <text>This collection holds PDF scans of constitutions of Namibian political parties SWAPO, SWANU, and the DTA. Some other documents are included as well</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3645">
                <text>Democratic Turnhalle Alliance/Demokratiese Turnhalle Alliansie Constitution</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3646">
                <text>This document is the constitution for the Democratic Turnhalle Alliance.&#13;
&#13;
Contents:&#13;
&#13;
Membership of Democratic Turnhalle Alliance&#13;
Constitution&#13;
Constitutional Principals for SWA/Namibia&#13;
Constitutional Proposals for the Institution of Government&#13;
Economic Principles</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3647">
                <text>Democratic Turnhalle Alliance</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3648">
                <text>Printed by Multi-Servies Windhoek</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3649">
                <text>Unclear, likely 1978 or 1977</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3650">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3651">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3652">
                <text>Political Document</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="39">
        <name>Democratic Turnhalle Alliance</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="90">
        <name>Dirk Mudge</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="40">
        <name>DTA</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="41">
        <name>Elections</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="879">
        <name>Political Parties</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="467" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="436">
        <src>https://namibiadigitalrepository.com/files/original/a297f8da0e23684adeab47cb27c82445.pdf</src>
        <authentication>858684ffa741d546f39cf2697ab96bed</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="20">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="35">
                  <text>Political Documents (SWAPO, SWANU, DTA)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="36">
                  <text>This collection holds PDF scans of constitutions of Namibian political parties SWAPO, SWANU, and the DTA. Some other documents are included as well</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3639">
                <text>The Basic Documents of SWANU (South West Africa National Union): Constitution of SWANU</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3640">
                <text>The Revised Basic Documents of SWANU as approved by the Central Committee on 30 March 1985 and ratified by an all-branches consultative conference on 5-8 April 1985 in accordance with the resolution passed by the extra-ordinary national congress held on the 1st and 2nd September 1984.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3641">
                <text>South West Africa National Union (SWANU)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3642">
                <text>SWANU Dept. of Publicity and Information (Windhoek and London)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3643">
                <text>1985</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3644">
                <text>Political Document</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="257">
        <name>Constitution</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="41">
        <name>Elections</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1343">
        <name>Party</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="106">
        <name>South West Africa National Union</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="466" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="435">
        <src>https://namibiadigitalrepository.com/files/original/1524fb53c289e5478b6f95a592b07928.pdf</src>
        <authentication>375210df7937d82c87f9b68c6a4c1945</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="24">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="52">
                  <text>Labour Resource and Research Institute (LaRRI)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="53">
                  <text>The Labour Resource and Research Institute (LaRRI) is a vibrant Namibian based research and education institute committed to the overall political and economic independence of all working people in Namibia and beyond. The institute fights for a fair, just social and economic Namibian society through labour research,education, and lobbying and advocacy. The institute believes that the nature and scope of labour research is informed by the struggles and experiences of the working people and consequently shaped by their values, principles and their world view. It is no doubt that labour is the primary source of value but many workers continue to be exploited and undervalued. LaRRI was therefore established in 1998 to seek answers to the existing economic and social order with a view to provide alternative developmental agenda in favour of the working class.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
Unionization rates in Namibia are high. 30 trade unions grouped into two federations represent over 100,000 workers. Namibia has no minimum wage, but trade unions have managed to negotiate minimum wage agreements in both the agricultural and construction sectors. Despite some success in the traditional sectors, Namibian Unions still face many challenges, and will have to improve their recruitment strategies and organize their workers in non-traditional sectors. Unions need to develop effective strategies to influence socio-economic policies in favor of the workers and the poor that span beyond the workplace.&#13;
&#13;
LaRRI offers a range of short and medium term courses for trade union leaders, organizers, and shopstewards in Namibia and the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region. Courses offered include: political economy, globalization, export processing zones (EPZs), structural adjustment programmes (SAPs) collective bargaining, affirmitive action, and gender issues. In addition, LaRRI offers an accredited labour diploma course, which is run in cooperation with the Workers College, the University of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa, and the University of Namibia.&#13;
&#13;
Besides its research reports, LaRRI has published a range of seminar papers and articles for local and international publications. LaRRI has also produced popular booklets for trade unions, most of which are available on LaRRI’s website and the resource center. LaRRI is a founding member of the African Labour Research Network (ALRN), which carries out research projects for trade unions across Africa.&#13;
&#13;
LaRRI continuously updates and expands its resource centre, which now contains a range of books and periodicals on various topics like trade unions in Namibia and the SADC region, industrial relations, gender equality, international trade unions, HIV/Aids, the Namibian economy, occupational health and safety, as well as UNDP and ILO publications. The resource centre serves as a library for trade unions, NGOs, students and the general public.&#13;
&#13;
The institute engages in public debate by organizing and being invited to public discussions, book presentations, lectures, and workshops. Media appearances are also frequent. Furthermore, the institute will expand its engagements by actively disseminating the ongoing initiatives through poster campaigns, periodic public gatherings with community members, cultural events, and social media.&#13;
&#13;
Organizing the unorganized. Re-defining ‘the working class’ in today’s context. Environmental justice. Mining, fishing, and farming; land-grab issues. Gender equality. Challenges confronting women workers and HIV-AIDS discrimination. Housing and urban rights. Access to housing and the right to the city. Youth and unemployment. Politics and oportunities for the youth. Foreign investment and neo-colonialism. Dispossession through trade agreements. Social protection and economic rights. Basic income grant and state spending.&#13;
&#13;
The items in this collection are taken from open access publication on the LaRRI website. All rights are theirs.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="48">
              <name>Source</name>
              <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="54">
                  <text>http://www.larri-namibia.org/</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="55">
                  <text>© Labour Resource and Research Institute (LaRRI). The items in this collection are taken from open access publication on the LaRRI website. All rights are theirs.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3631">
                <text>An Assessment of the Africa Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) and its Implications for Namibia</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3632">
                <text>The United States introduced the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) in 2000 with the intention of maximising trade between the US and sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. Specifically, AGOA aimed at developing the textile industry in SSA countries as it has the potential to contribute positively to employment creation due to its labour intensiveness nature. Unlike other trade agreements that are bilateral, AGOA is a unilateral trade preference agreement decided upon by the United States and targeting SSA countries. AGOA accords the President of the United States the right to cease the status of a SSA country that does not meet the requirements set out in AGOA. Only eligible sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries that meet certain requirements outlined in the Act can benefit under AGOA. Under AGOA, certain goods from eligible SSA countries can enter the United States duty free and quota free. The introduction of AGOA led to increased trade between the USA and the SSA countries. However, the increase in trade was not experienced at the same level in all SSA countries and did not affect all goods equally. Trade statistics show that countries that experienced substantial growth in trade included Nigeria, Angola and South Africa, Gabon and Chad. Furthermore, products dominating trade between United States and SSA countries are natural resources and primary products. Overall, petroleum products account for more the 90 per cent of all African exports to the United States. In other SSA countries, AGOA led to the development of textile industries. Thus countries like Swaziland, Lesotho and Malawi experienced a substantial growth in their textile industries. Despite the significant growth experienced by the above-mentioned countries, total exports to the US from African countries are still dominated by petroleum products. In Namibia, products that dominate exports to the US are metals, minerals, textiles and apparel. The highest overall exports of US$ 238 219 million were recorded in 2004 and dropped significantly to US $129 557 million in 2005. The reduction in exports was also experienced in the textile industry in Namibia and in many SSA countries. For instance, many textile producing SSA countries experienced a decrease in their textile exports and subsequently company closures, which led to loss of thousands of jobs. In Namibia alone, about 1 600 jobs were lost when one of Ramatex’s subsidiaries (Rhino Garments) closed down in 2005. Namibia became a beneficiary country in 2001 and qualified for the ‘special rule’ provision on apparel articles which allows lesser developed SSA countries to source their raw materials from anywhere in the world. Only countries that had been classified as lesser-developed countries on the basis that their GDP per capita did not exceed $1500 could benefit from this provision. Before, 2001, Namibia did not have a developed textile and apparel industry but this changed with the introduction of AGOA coupled with many government concessions, which largely influenced the Ramatex company decision to invest in Namibia. Ramatex is by far the largest textile factory in Namibia and was expected to create about 8 000 jobs, a reason which was used to justify the concessions offered to Ramatex. Following retrenchments in 2005 and 2006, there are currently only 3 600 Namibian workers employed at Ramatex. Despite having increased workers wages in 2006 following lengthy negotiations and a strike, Ramatex workers are still among the lowest paid industrial workers in Namibia. Furthermore, since its inception, labour relations have been tense at the company with the lack of wage increases as the main source of conflict. This study revealed that there are internal and external challenges that face the success of AGOA in SSA countries. The internal challenges relate to the ability of companies to fully benefit under AGOA due to internal capacity constraints whilst external constraints are the end of the Multi Fibre Agreement (MFA) coupled with the attractions offered by China as an investment location.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3633">
                <text>Ntwala Mwilima and Herbert Jauch</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3634">
                <text>Labour Resource and Research Institute (LaRRI)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3635">
                <text>© Labour Resource and Research Institute (LaRRI)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3636">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3637">
                <text>2007</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3638">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1342">
        <name>AGOA</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="187">
        <name>Export Processing Zones</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="802">
        <name>Foreign Direct Investment</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1244">
        <name>Herbert Jauch</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1314">
        <name>Labour Resource and Research Institute (LaRRI)</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1334">
        <name>Ntwala Mwilima</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1316">
        <name>Textiles</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="465" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="434">
        <src>https://namibiadigitalrepository.com/files/original/be325516da7a2bf0c69ca73eeb8ec385.pdf</src>
        <authentication>b217d4c0936c0c31f6dd64293cde0e3c</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="24">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="52">
                  <text>Labour Resource and Research Institute (LaRRI)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="53">
                  <text>The Labour Resource and Research Institute (LaRRI) is a vibrant Namibian based research and education institute committed to the overall political and economic independence of all working people in Namibia and beyond. The institute fights for a fair, just social and economic Namibian society through labour research,education, and lobbying and advocacy. The institute believes that the nature and scope of labour research is informed by the struggles and experiences of the working people and consequently shaped by their values, principles and their world view. It is no doubt that labour is the primary source of value but many workers continue to be exploited and undervalued. LaRRI was therefore established in 1998 to seek answers to the existing economic and social order with a view to provide alternative developmental agenda in favour of the working class.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
Unionization rates in Namibia are high. 30 trade unions grouped into two federations represent over 100,000 workers. Namibia has no minimum wage, but trade unions have managed to negotiate minimum wage agreements in both the agricultural and construction sectors. Despite some success in the traditional sectors, Namibian Unions still face many challenges, and will have to improve their recruitment strategies and organize their workers in non-traditional sectors. Unions need to develop effective strategies to influence socio-economic policies in favor of the workers and the poor that span beyond the workplace.&#13;
&#13;
LaRRI offers a range of short and medium term courses for trade union leaders, organizers, and shopstewards in Namibia and the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region. Courses offered include: political economy, globalization, export processing zones (EPZs), structural adjustment programmes (SAPs) collective bargaining, affirmitive action, and gender issues. In addition, LaRRI offers an accredited labour diploma course, which is run in cooperation with the Workers College, the University of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa, and the University of Namibia.&#13;
&#13;
Besides its research reports, LaRRI has published a range of seminar papers and articles for local and international publications. LaRRI has also produced popular booklets for trade unions, most of which are available on LaRRI’s website and the resource center. LaRRI is a founding member of the African Labour Research Network (ALRN), which carries out research projects for trade unions across Africa.&#13;
&#13;
LaRRI continuously updates and expands its resource centre, which now contains a range of books and periodicals on various topics like trade unions in Namibia and the SADC region, industrial relations, gender equality, international trade unions, HIV/Aids, the Namibian economy, occupational health and safety, as well as UNDP and ILO publications. The resource centre serves as a library for trade unions, NGOs, students and the general public.&#13;
&#13;
The institute engages in public debate by organizing and being invited to public discussions, book presentations, lectures, and workshops. Media appearances are also frequent. Furthermore, the institute will expand its engagements by actively disseminating the ongoing initiatives through poster campaigns, periodic public gatherings with community members, cultural events, and social media.&#13;
&#13;
Organizing the unorganized. Re-defining ‘the working class’ in today’s context. Environmental justice. Mining, fishing, and farming; land-grab issues. Gender equality. Challenges confronting women workers and HIV-AIDS discrimination. Housing and urban rights. Access to housing and the right to the city. Youth and unemployment. Politics and oportunities for the youth. Foreign investment and neo-colonialism. Dispossession through trade agreements. Social protection and economic rights. Basic income grant and state spending.&#13;
&#13;
The items in this collection are taken from open access publication on the LaRRI website. All rights are theirs.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="48">
              <name>Source</name>
              <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="54">
                  <text>http://www.larri-namibia.org/</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="55">
                  <text>© Labour Resource and Research Institute (LaRRI). The items in this collection are taken from open access publication on the LaRRI website. All rights are theirs.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3623">
                <text>Chinese Investments in Namibia: A Labour Perspective</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3624">
                <text>This study forms part of a broader 10-country case study on Chinese investments in Africa, coordinated and implemented by the African Labour Research Network (ALRN). African trade union leaders identified the topic as a priority area for the labour movement and the ALRN study thus aims to provide them with up-to date information on the impact of Chinese investments for African workers. In Namibia, the national congress of the National Union of Namibian Workers (NUNW) in 2006 passed a resolution asking the Labour Resource and Research Institute (LaRRI) to carry out a study into Chinese investments in Namibia, with particular emphasis on working conditions. We therefore decided to publish our study as a separate booklet for debate in Namibia and hope that it will provide a basis for a sober analysis of the costs and benefits associated with Chinese investments.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3625">
                <text>Herbert Jauch and Iipumbu Sakaria</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3626">
                <text>Labour Resource and Research Institute (LaRRI)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3627">
                <text>© Labour Resource and Research Institute (LaRRI)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3628">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3629">
                <text>2009</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3630">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1242">
        <name>China</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1244">
        <name>Herbert Jauch</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="121">
        <name>Human Rights</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1341">
        <name>Iipumbu Sakaria</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="470">
        <name>Investment</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="285">
        <name>Labor</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1314">
        <name>Labour Resource and Research Institute (LaRRI)</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="124">
        <name>Law</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="562">
        <name>Unions</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="464" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="433">
        <src>https://namibiadigitalrepository.com/files/original/642862977edf39322ee16015db617326.pdf</src>
        <authentication>01d9d36dc6e0984b7883ccc47588dfc5</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="24">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="52">
                  <text>Labour Resource and Research Institute (LaRRI)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="53">
                  <text>The Labour Resource and Research Institute (LaRRI) is a vibrant Namibian based research and education institute committed to the overall political and economic independence of all working people in Namibia and beyond. The institute fights for a fair, just social and economic Namibian society through labour research,education, and lobbying and advocacy. The institute believes that the nature and scope of labour research is informed by the struggles and experiences of the working people and consequently shaped by their values, principles and their world view. It is no doubt that labour is the primary source of value but many workers continue to be exploited and undervalued. LaRRI was therefore established in 1998 to seek answers to the existing economic and social order with a view to provide alternative developmental agenda in favour of the working class.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
Unionization rates in Namibia are high. 30 trade unions grouped into two federations represent over 100,000 workers. Namibia has no minimum wage, but trade unions have managed to negotiate minimum wage agreements in both the agricultural and construction sectors. Despite some success in the traditional sectors, Namibian Unions still face many challenges, and will have to improve their recruitment strategies and organize their workers in non-traditional sectors. Unions need to develop effective strategies to influence socio-economic policies in favor of the workers and the poor that span beyond the workplace.&#13;
&#13;
LaRRI offers a range of short and medium term courses for trade union leaders, organizers, and shopstewards in Namibia and the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region. Courses offered include: political economy, globalization, export processing zones (EPZs), structural adjustment programmes (SAPs) collective bargaining, affirmitive action, and gender issues. In addition, LaRRI offers an accredited labour diploma course, which is run in cooperation with the Workers College, the University of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa, and the University of Namibia.&#13;
&#13;
Besides its research reports, LaRRI has published a range of seminar papers and articles for local and international publications. LaRRI has also produced popular booklets for trade unions, most of which are available on LaRRI’s website and the resource center. LaRRI is a founding member of the African Labour Research Network (ALRN), which carries out research projects for trade unions across Africa.&#13;
&#13;
LaRRI continuously updates and expands its resource centre, which now contains a range of books and periodicals on various topics like trade unions in Namibia and the SADC region, industrial relations, gender equality, international trade unions, HIV/Aids, the Namibian economy, occupational health and safety, as well as UNDP and ILO publications. The resource centre serves as a library for trade unions, NGOs, students and the general public.&#13;
&#13;
The institute engages in public debate by organizing and being invited to public discussions, book presentations, lectures, and workshops. Media appearances are also frequent. Furthermore, the institute will expand its engagements by actively disseminating the ongoing initiatives through poster campaigns, periodic public gatherings with community members, cultural events, and social media.&#13;
&#13;
Organizing the unorganized. Re-defining ‘the working class’ in today’s context. Environmental justice. Mining, fishing, and farming; land-grab issues. Gender equality. Challenges confronting women workers and HIV-AIDS discrimination. Housing and urban rights. Access to housing and the right to the city. Youth and unemployment. Politics and oportunities for the youth. Foreign investment and neo-colonialism. Dispossession through trade agreements. Social protection and economic rights. Basic income grant and state spending.&#13;
&#13;
The items in this collection are taken from open access publication on the LaRRI website. All rights are theirs.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="48">
              <name>Source</name>
              <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="54">
                  <text>http://www.larri-namibia.org/</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="55">
                  <text>© Labour Resource and Research Institute (LaRRI). The items in this collection are taken from open access publication on the LaRRI website. All rights are theirs.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3615">
                <text>Service Station Workers in Namibia</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3616">
                <text>The main objective of the study was to examine the working conditions of workers at service stations countrywide with a particular focus of exploring the possibility of introducing a minimum wage. Specifically the study aimed to: - Examine the working conditions of petrol attendants, including working hours, overtime pay, disciplinary procedures and dismissals; - Determine the wage levels of workers at service stations; - Explore regional differences with regards to wages and working conditions at service stations; - Assess the health and safety risks associated with work at service stations; - Assess the possibilities of introducing a minimum wage in the industry; - Examine the role played by the Association of Service Station Owners; - Investigate trade union recruitment at service stations; - Investigate ownership changes and economic trends at service stations; - Explore the relationship between oil companies and the individual owners of service stations.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3617">
                <text>Herbert Jauch and Ntwala Mwilima</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3618">
                <text>Labour Resource and Research Institute (LaRRI)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3619">
                <text>© Labour Resource and Research Institute (LaRRI)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3620">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3621">
                <text>2008</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3622">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1244">
        <name>Herbert Jauch</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="121">
        <name>Human Rights</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="285">
        <name>Labor</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1314">
        <name>Labour Resource and Research Institute (LaRRI)</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="124">
        <name>Law</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1334">
        <name>Ntwala Mwilima</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1340">
        <name>Petrol</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="562">
        <name>Unions</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="463" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="432">
        <src>https://namibiadigitalrepository.com/files/original/8de2a12331b000895f37e283ddb9e7a5.pdf</src>
        <authentication>d1b7891633cccae803f8c031900e8f36</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="24">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="52">
                  <text>Labour Resource and Research Institute (LaRRI)</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="53">
                  <text>The Labour Resource and Research Institute (LaRRI) is a vibrant Namibian based research and education institute committed to the overall political and economic independence of all working people in Namibia and beyond. The institute fights for a fair, just social and economic Namibian society through labour research,education, and lobbying and advocacy. The institute believes that the nature and scope of labour research is informed by the struggles and experiences of the working people and consequently shaped by their values, principles and their world view. It is no doubt that labour is the primary source of value but many workers continue to be exploited and undervalued. LaRRI was therefore established in 1998 to seek answers to the existing economic and social order with a view to provide alternative developmental agenda in favour of the working class.&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
Unionization rates in Namibia are high. 30 trade unions grouped into two federations represent over 100,000 workers. Namibia has no minimum wage, but trade unions have managed to negotiate minimum wage agreements in both the agricultural and construction sectors. Despite some success in the traditional sectors, Namibian Unions still face many challenges, and will have to improve their recruitment strategies and organize their workers in non-traditional sectors. Unions need to develop effective strategies to influence socio-economic policies in favor of the workers and the poor that span beyond the workplace.&#13;
&#13;
LaRRI offers a range of short and medium term courses for trade union leaders, organizers, and shopstewards in Namibia and the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region. Courses offered include: political economy, globalization, export processing zones (EPZs), structural adjustment programmes (SAPs) collective bargaining, affirmitive action, and gender issues. In addition, LaRRI offers an accredited labour diploma course, which is run in cooperation with the Workers College, the University of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa, and the University of Namibia.&#13;
&#13;
Besides its research reports, LaRRI has published a range of seminar papers and articles for local and international publications. LaRRI has also produced popular booklets for trade unions, most of which are available on LaRRI’s website and the resource center. LaRRI is a founding member of the African Labour Research Network (ALRN), which carries out research projects for trade unions across Africa.&#13;
&#13;
LaRRI continuously updates and expands its resource centre, which now contains a range of books and periodicals on various topics like trade unions in Namibia and the SADC region, industrial relations, gender equality, international trade unions, HIV/Aids, the Namibian economy, occupational health and safety, as well as UNDP and ILO publications. The resource centre serves as a library for trade unions, NGOs, students and the general public.&#13;
&#13;
The institute engages in public debate by organizing and being invited to public discussions, book presentations, lectures, and workshops. Media appearances are also frequent. Furthermore, the institute will expand its engagements by actively disseminating the ongoing initiatives through poster campaigns, periodic public gatherings with community members, cultural events, and social media.&#13;
&#13;
Organizing the unorganized. Re-defining ‘the working class’ in today’s context. Environmental justice. Mining, fishing, and farming; land-grab issues. Gender equality. Challenges confronting women workers and HIV-AIDS discrimination. Housing and urban rights. Access to housing and the right to the city. Youth and unemployment. Politics and oportunities for the youth. Foreign investment and neo-colonialism. Dispossession through trade agreements. Social protection and economic rights. Basic income grant and state spending.&#13;
&#13;
The items in this collection are taken from open access publication on the LaRRI website. All rights are theirs.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="48">
              <name>Source</name>
              <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="54">
                  <text>http://www.larri-namibia.org/</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="47">
              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="55">
                  <text>© Labour Resource and Research Institute (LaRRI). The items in this collection are taken from open access publication on the LaRRI website. All rights are theirs.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3607">
                <text>Playing the Globalisation Game: The Implications of Economic Liberalisation for Namibia</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3608">
                <text>Namibia‟s investment policies are largely shaped by the process of globalisation and the neo-liberal line of thought which claims that developing countries have to attract investment by offering increasing concessions to foreign investors. This is reflected in the Government‟s policy on Export Processing Zones (EPZs). However, the manufacturing sector is still underdeveloped and Namibia continues to be a net exporter of capital. The figures for the last 5 years reveal that the foreign investment received is significantly lower than the capital leaving the country each year. Last year (2000),for example, Namibia received capital inflows of 795 million N$, but more than 2 billion N$ left the country. About two thirds of the foreign investment that Namibia receives goes into the capital-intensive mining sector without contributing significantly to employment creation. Unless this trend can be reversed, there is little prospect for the development of a significant manufacturing sector in Namibia.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3609">
                <text>Herbert Jauch</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3610">
                <text>Labour Resource and Research Institute (LaRRI)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3611">
                <text>© Labour Resource and Research Institute (LaRRI)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3612">
                <text>PDF</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3613">
                <text>2001</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3614">
                <text>English</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="34">
        <name>Economy</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="187">
        <name>Export Processing Zones</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="809">
        <name>Globalization</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1244">
        <name>Herbert Jauch</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="285">
        <name>Labor</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1314">
        <name>Labour Resource and Research Institute (LaRRI)</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
