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                  <text>Basler Afrika Bibliographien (BAB) is a centre of documentation and expertise on Namibia and southern Africa, located in Basel, Switzerland. The institution comprises an archive, a specialist library and a publishing house, in addition to offering scholarly, cultural and socio-political events.&#13;
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Its books and documents on Namibia are of international renown, and are known among experts as the most comprehensive documentation outside of Namibia. Among its holdings is a collection of rare books with volumes on Africa going back to the 16th century, a large collection of African posters and extensive historical archives of images, sound recordings, manuscripts and ephemera. Its collections are complemented by scholarly publication activities.</text>
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                <text>Ein unsichtbares Denkmal Für eine Anerkennung des Monumentcharakters eines Otjiherero Praise Poems (Omutando) für die Old Location in Windhoek</text>
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                <text>Ich möchte einführend einige Gedanken zur An-ikonizität (also nicht-Bildlichkeit) formulieren. In seiner Betrachtung sogenannter an-ikonischer Gesellschaften, also Gesellschaften die keine Bilder von Menschen, Tieren oder Gottheiten produzierten, weist Fritz Kramer darauf hin, dass der Umstand des Nicht-Vorhandenseins von Bildern oder Skulpturen nicht auf technisches Unvermögen hinweist (2001: 17). Im Bezug auf die Herero Gesellschaft in Namibia kann nicht von kompletter Nicht-Bildlichkeit gesprochen werden. Tatsächlich geschah die Aneignung der Photographie bereits im 19. Jhd; es wurden Portraits der gesellschaftlichen Elite hergestellt (siehe Silvester 1998 und Wallace 1998). Wir haben es auch nicht mit einer Gesellschaft zu tun, die sich einem Bilderverbot gebeugt hätte. Tatsächlich erscheint die Abwesenheit von Bildern – also beispielsweise traditioneller Skulptur oder Malerei - nur aus westlicher Sicht als Mangel. Dabei wird eine an materiellen Objekten orientierte Erinnerungskultur als Norm konstituiert, von der aus nicht an materielle Objekte gekoppeltes Erinnern als lückenhaft begriffen wird. Nichtsichtbare, immaterielle, kulturelle Produktionen, wie omitandu, also oral überlieferte Texte, die als ausserpersönliche Referenzpunkte und Plattformen des kollektiven Erinnerns operieren, werden dementsprechend oftmals übersehen, oder besser, aufgrund ihrer nicht-Sichtbarkeit, wie in diesem Falle, nicht wahrgenommen. Eine die Vergangenheit interpretierende, charakterisierende, diskursive und eben auch konservierende (erinnernde) Aneignung der Welt ist aber keineswegs notwendigerweise visuell. Anstelle des Abbildens oder Aneignens durch Bilder steht hier die kulturelle Aneignung der Welt durch Rede, performance und Dichtkunst, die bis heute nicht vollständig durch Bildmedien oder geschriebene Texte ersetzt wurde. BAB Working Paper 2006:05 Presented at the Basler Afrika Bibliographien 13 June 2006.</text>
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                <text>Anette Hoffmann</text>
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                <text>© The author © Basler Afrika Bibliographien</text>
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                  <text>Basler Afrika Bibliographien (BAB) is a centre of documentation and expertise on Namibia and southern Africa, located in Basel, Switzerland. The institution comprises an archive, a specialist library and a publishing house, in addition to offering scholarly, cultural and socio-political events.&#13;
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Its books and documents on Namibia are of international renown, and are known among experts as the most comprehensive documentation outside of Namibia. Among its holdings is a collection of rare books with volumes on Africa going back to the 16th century, a large collection of African posters and extensive historical archives of images, sound recordings, manuscripts and ephemera. Its collections are complemented by scholarly publication activities.</text>
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                <text>Contract Labour System and Farm Labourers’ Experiences in Pre-Independent Namibia: Historical Reflections, Perspectives and Lessons</text>
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                <text>"This paper centrally uses the recorded oral interviews of former contract labourers from the Kavango in northeast Namibia, supplemented with archival sources from the National Archives of Namibia (NAN) and written sources to reflect on the experiences of farm labourers under the contract labour system during the South African colonial period. The paper explores journeys to and from the farms, the living and farm work experiences and farm workers’ perception of their experiences under the contract labour system. The aim is to provide a historical basis to extract lessons to understand the current challenges presented by farm labour practices in postcolonial Namibia where the plights of farm workers remains a pertinent and persistent labour issue. The paper points that the paradigm of exploitation, suppression and entrapment under the contract labour system remain dominant in the narratives of former farm labourers. Furthermore, many farm labourers viewed their mistreatment under the contract labour system as colonial exploitation at its worst as the wages were too low. Although many of them extended their contracts in the hope to accumulate more money to improve their social and economic conditions, this remained an everlasting hope and a permanent failure."</text>
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                <text>Kletus Muhena Likuwa</text>
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                <text>Basler Afrika Bibliographien</text>
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                <text>© The author © Basler Afrika Bibliographien</text>
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                <text>2014</text>
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                <text>http://baslerafrika.ch/wp-content/uploads/WP-2014-2-Likuwa.pdf</text>
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                  <text>Basler Afrika Bibliographien (BAB) is a centre of documentation and expertise on Namibia and southern Africa, located in Basel, Switzerland. The institution comprises an archive, a specialist library and a publishing house, in addition to offering scholarly, cultural and socio-political events.&#13;
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                <text>Faszination Landschaft – Landschaftsphotographie in Namibia</text>
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                <text>"In der heutigen Vorlesung möchte ich Sie auf eine etwas andere Reise durch namibische Landschaft nehmen, und ich möchte Ihnen dazu ein paar Dinge ins geistige Gepäck mitgeben: 1) Die anfänglich gezeigte Bilderschau hat verdeutlicht, dass namibische Landschaftsdarstellungen und -wahrnehmungen gegenwärtig wie historisch auf unterschiedlichen Medien basieren: Photographie und Malerei (auf Film kann ich heute nicht eingehen). Hinzu kommen literarische Texte, Reiseberichte, Abenteuerromane, usw. (Sie erinnern sich an meinen Hinweis auf Blixen und van der Post). All diese verschiedenen Medien und Genres tragen zu den realen und imaginären Bildern namibischer Landschaften bei. 2) Weder Malerei, Literatur, noch Photographie sind hermetische, in sich abgeschlossene und voneinander getrennte Medien. Vielmehr haben wir es historisch wie zeitgenössisch mit Intermedialitäten zu tun, also mit der gegenseitigen Durchdringung von Malerei, Photographie und Text. Diese Verflechtung und Verdichtung ist mit Blick auf Landschaft etwas ganz entscheidendes. 3) Die eben gezeigte Bilderschau spiegelt den europäischen (oder westlichen) Blick auf namibische Landschaften. Landschaft ist aber ein Genre und Medium, das in allen Gesellschaften und Kulturen vorkommt; es ist bei weitem kein „europäisches Phänomen“. Obschon ich heute in dieser Vorlesung nicht näher darauf eingehen kann, sind im südlichen Afrika afrikanische Perspektiven, Wahrnehmungen und Darstellungen von Landschaft etwas ganz zentrales, das sich wiederum in unterschiedlichen Medien artikuliert. Dag Henrichsen hat zum Beispiel auf die Bedeutung mündlicher Tradierungen, von Preisliedern und topographischem Wissen hingewiesen, die in Zentralnamibia im 19. Jahrhundert zur Formulierung historisch geschichteter Topologien führen: Narrative also, die Landschaft strukturieren, imaginieren und bei Bedarf sowohl ideologischen wie politischen Visionen zudienen können. 4) In der rezenteren theoretischen Diskussion über Landschaft hat sich eine These des bereits erwähnten Kulturwissenschaftler W.J.T. Mitchell durchgesetzt, dass nämlich Landschaft weniger als Genre zu verstehen, sondern vielmehr als Medium zu betrachten ist, also als ein System kultureller Codes, symbolischer Formen und Zeichen, mittels derer der Mensch seiner Umwelt Bedeutung zuschreibt und mittels derer er diese Bedeutung darzustellen und zu vermitteln sucht. Landschaft, so fasst es Mitchell prägnant zusammen ist also kein Substantiv, keine Sache, sondern ein Verb, etwas das man macht." BAB Working Paper 2014:01 Presented at the Voklshochschule Basel, 13 February 2014</text>
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                <text>Lorena Rizzo</text>
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                <text>Namibia’s Constitution is a remarkable achievement. It was put together by 72 elected members of the Constituent Assembly in just 80 days in late 1989 and early 1990. Many of these Assembly members had been sworn enemies up until the Namibian transition process got underway in April 1989 under the auspices of the United Nations. The Constitution that emerged from this process has been widely hailed as being one of the most progressive in the world. Since Namibia’s independence on March 21 1990, the supreme law has served the country well. Controversies have arisen, not least over the land issue and the death penalty, and several amendments have been made – but overall, the Constitution has stood the test of time over Namibia’s first two decades as a sovereign nation. The Constitution in the 21st Century: Perspectives on the Context and Future of Namibia’s Supreme Law provides an accessible overview of how the Constitution was formed and analyses how its Bill of Rights has been applied. In addition, the prospects for the Constitution are assessed in a series of interviews with young Namibian leaders. Interspersed throughout are the comments of ten of the lawmakers who served in the Constituent Assembly on the challenges they faced, the most important features of the Constitution, and how the supreme law might fare in the future. This volume can serve as a civic education handbook on the Constitution and for this purpose discussion pointers and exercises are included throughout. It is hoped that The Constitution in the 21st Century can play an important role in making sure that more Namibians can take pride in their supreme law and most importantly express and live out its fundamental values and principles. ISBN: 978-99945-72-38-0</text>
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                <text>This publication forms part of the series The Justice Sector and the Rule of Law in Namibia, which is jointly published by the Namibia Institute for Democracy (NID) and the Human Rights and Documentation Centre (HRDC), which is based in the Faculty of Law at the University of Namibia (UNAM). The series comprises three publications: Framework, Selected Legal Aspects and Cases; Management, Personnel and Access; and The Criminal Justice System. It has been published within the scope of a corporate agreement between the NID and the Embassy of Finland, with the overall aim of strengthening the institutional, advocacy and anti-corruption capacity of civil society and selected government institutions. The series does not claim to be either comprehensive or without some rough edges; after all, the publications are the products of capacity building. Divergent views are reflected with the aim of providing the reader with an overview of the nexus where the rule of law intersects with the administration of justice and with the protection and promotion of human rights in general, and in particular of the rights of those most vulnerable within our society, such as women and children. The publication is intended to be useful for lawyers and non-lawyers alike. Long-term, sustainable economic and social development is dependent on democratic governance and the rule of law. A framework for the rule of law is essential for the effective regulation of the interactions and co-existence of citizens within a democracy. This series of publications comes at an important time for Namibia, which celebrated 20 years of independent nationhood in 2010. It is intended to describe the institutional arrangements in a constitutional democracy and to reflect on the quality of democracy in Namibia. The Open Society Initiative for Southern Africa (OSISA) conceptualised, initiated and supported this research project. The NID was assigned by the Africa Governance Monitoring and Advocacy Project, or AFRIMAP, to conduct the research in partnership with the HRDC.</text>
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